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[Basic operations](Basic operations)
[Querying specific packages](Querying specific packages)
[Querying package lists](Querying package lists)
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Debian/Ubuntu SLES/openSUSE Gentoo
Search for package(s) by searching the expression in name, description, short description. What exact fields are being searched by default varies in each tool. Mostly options bring tools on par. pacman -Ss dnf search apt search zypper search zypper se [-s] emerge -S; eix
Lists packages which have an update available. Note: Some provide special commands to limit the output to certain installation sources, others use options. pacman -Qu dnf list updates, dnf check-update apt-get upgrade -> n zypper list-updates zypper patch-check (just for patches) emerge -uDNp @world
Display a list of all packages in all installation sources that are handled by the packages management. Some tools provide options or additional commands to limit the output to a specific installation source. pacman -Sl dnf list available apt-cache dumpavail apt-cache dump (Cache only) apt-cache pkgnames zypper packages portageq all_best_visible /
Generates a list of installed packages pacman -Q dnf list installed dpkg --list | grep ^i zypper search --installed-only qlist -IC
List packages that are installed but are not available in any installation source (anymore). pacman -Qm dnf list extras deborphan zypper se -si | grep 'System Packages' eix-test-obsolete
List packages that were recently added to one of the installation sources, i.e. which are new to it. (none) dnf list recent aptitude search '~N' / aptitude forget-new n/a eix-diff
List installed local packages along with version pacman -Q rpm -qa dpkg -l zypper search -s; rpm -qa qlist -ICv
Search locally installed package for names or descriptions pacman -Qs rpm -qa '*<str>*' aptitude search '~i(~n $name|~d $description)' eix -S -I
List packages not required by any other package pacman -Qt dnf leaves deborphan -anp1 emerge -pc
List packages installed explicitly (not as dependencies) pacman -Qe dnf history userinstalled apt-mark showmanual emerge -pvO @selected; eix --selected
List packages installed automatically (as dependencies) pacman -Qd apt-mark showauto
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Debian/Ubuntu SUSE/openSUSE Gentoo
[Querying package dependencies](Querying package dependencies)
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Debian/Ubuntu SLES/openSUSE Gentoo
Display packages which require X to be installed, aka show reverse dependencies. pacman -Sii dnf repoquery --alldeps --whatrequires or repoquery --whatr[equires] apt-cache rdepends / aptitude search ~D$pattern zypper search --requires emerge -pvc
Display packages which conflict with given expression (often package). Search can be used as well to mimic this function. dnf repoquery --conflicts aptitude search '~C$pattern'
List all packages which are required for the given package, aka show dependencies. pacman -[S|Q]i dnf repoquery --requires or repoquery -R apt-cache depends / apt-cache show zypper info --requires emerge -ep
List what the current package provides dnf provides dpkg -s / aptitude show zypper info --provides equery files; qlist
List all packages that require a particular package dnf repoquery --alldeps --whatrequires aptitude search ~D{depends,recommends,suggests}:$pattern / aptitude why zypper search --requires equery depends -a
Display all packages that the specified packages obsoletes. dnf list obsoletes apt-cache show
Generates an output suitable for processing with dotty for the given package(s). apt-cache dotty n/a
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Debian/Ubuntu SUSE/openSUSE Gentoo
[Installation sources management](Installation sources management)
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Debian/Ubuntu SLES/openSUSE Gentoo
Installation sources management ${EDITOR} /etc/pacman.conf ${EDITOR} /etc/yum.repos.d/${REPO}.repo ${EDITOR} /etc/apt/sources.list ${EDITOR} /etc/zypp/repos.d/${REPO}.repo layman; eselect repository
Add an installation source to the system. Some tools provide additional commands for certain sources, others allow all types of source URI for the add command. Again others, like apt and dnf force editing a sources list. apt-cdrom is a special command, which offers special options design for CDs/DVDs as source. /etc/pacman.conf /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo apt-cdrom add zypper service-add layman, overlays
Refresh the information about the specified installation source(s) or all installation sources. pacman -Sy (always upgrade the whole system afterwards) dnf clean expire-cache && dnf check-update apt-get update zypper refresh zypper ref emerge --sync;layman -S
Prints a list of all installation sources including important information like URI, alias etc. cat /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist cat /etc/yum.repos.d/* apt-cache policy zypper service-list layman -l; eselect repository list
List all packages from a certain repo paclist <repo> eix --in-overlay
Disable an installation source for an operation dnf --disablerepo= emerge package::repo-to-use
Download packages from a different version of the distribution than the one installed. dnf --releasever= apt-get install -t release package/ apt-get install package/release (deps not covered) echo "category/package ~amd64" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords && emerge package
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Debian/Ubuntu SUSE/openSUSE Gentoo
[Overrides](Overrides)
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Debian/Ubuntu SLES/openSUSE Gentoo
Add a package lock rule to keep its current state from being changed /etc/pacman.conf
modify IgnorePkg array dnf.conf <--”exclude” option (add/amend) apt-mark hold pkg Put package name in /etc/zypp/locks, or zypper al /etc/portage/package.mask
Delete a package lock rule remove package from IgnorePkg line in /etc/pacman.conf apt-mark unhold pkg Remove package name from /etc/zypp/locks or zypper rl /etc/portage/package.mask (or package.unmask)
Show a listing of all lock rules cat /etc/pacman.conf /etc/apt/preferences View /etc/zypp/locks or zypper ll cat /etc/portage/package.mask
Set the priority of the given package to avoid upgrade, force downgrade or to overwrite any default behavior. Can also be used to prefer a package version from a certain installation source. ${EDITOR} /etc/pacman.conf
Modify HoldPkg and/or IgnorePkg arrays /etc/apt/preferences, apt-cache policy zypper mr -p ${EDITOR} /etc/portage/package.accept_keywords
Add a line with =category/package-version
Remove a previously set priority /etc/apt/preferences zypper mr -p ${EDITOR} /etc/portage/package.accept_keywords
remove offending line
Show a list of set priorities. apt-cache policy /etc/apt/preferences zypper lr -p grep -r . /etc/portage/package.accept_keywords
Ignores problems that priorities may trigger. n/a
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Debian/Ubuntu SUSE/openSUSE Gentoo
[Verification and repair](Verification and repair)
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Debian/Ubuntu SLES/openSUSE Gentoo
Verify single package pacman -Qk[k] rpm -V debsums rpm -V equery check
Verify all packages pacman -Qk[k] rpm -Va debsums rpm -Va equery check
Reinstall given Package - Will reinstall the given package without dependency hassle. pacman -S dnf reinstall apt install --reinstall zypper install --force emerge -1O
Verify dependencies of the complete system. Used if installation process was forcefully killed. pacman -Dk dnf repoquery --requires apt-get check zypper verify emerge -uDN @world
Use some magic to fix broken dependencies in a system pacman dep level - pacman -Dk, shared lib level - findbrokenpkgs or lddd dnf repoquery --unsatisfied apt-get --fix-broken
aptitude install zypper verify revdep-rebuild
Add a checkpoint to the package system for later rollback (unnecessary, done on every transaction) n/a
Remove a checkpoint from the system N/A N/A n/a
Provide a list of all system checkpoints N/A dnf history list n/a
Rolls entire packages back to a certain date or checkpoint. N/A dnf history rollback n/a
Undo a single specified transaction. N/A dnf history undo n/a
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Debian/Ubuntu SUSE/openSUSE Gentoo
[Using package files and building packages](Using package files and building packages)
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Debian/Ubuntu SLES/openSUSE Gentoo
Query a package supplied on the command line rather than an entry in the package management database pacman -Qp rpm -qp dpkg -I
List the contents of a package file pacman -Qpl rpmls rpm -qpl dpkg -c rpm -qpl
Installs local package file, e.g. app.rpm and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies pacman -U dnf install apt install zypper in emerge
Updates package(s) with local packages and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies pacman -U dnf upgrade debi emerge
Add a local package to the local package cache mostly for debugging purposes. cp $filename /var/cache/pacman/pkg/ apt-cache add n/a cp $filename /usr/portage/distfiles
Extract a package tar -Jxvf rpm2cpio | cpio -vid dpkg-deb -x rpm2cpio | cpio -vid tar -jxvf
Install/Remove packages to satisfy build-dependencies. Uses information in the source package. Use ABS && makepkg -seoc dnf builddep apt-get build-dep zypper si -d emerge -o
Display the source package to the given package name(s) dnf repoquery -s apt-cache showsrc n/a
Downloads the corresponding source package(s) to the given package name(s) Use ABS && makepkg -o dnf download --source apt-get source / debcheckout zypper source-install emerge --fetchonly
Build a package makepkg -s rpmbuild -ba (normal)
mock (in chroot) debuild rpmbuild -ba; build; osc build ebuild; quickpkg
Check for possible packaging issues namcap rpmlint lintian rpmlint repoman
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